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sábado, 8 de novembro de 2014

CASA ONDE NASCEU LAMPIÃO EM PASSAGEM DAS PEDRAS


História do Cangaço - Casa restaurada onde nasceu Virgolino Ferreira da Silva, que posteriormente passou a ser capitão Lampião, no sítio Passagem das Pedras, Vila Bela, hoje, Serra Talhada - Pernambuco.

Fonte: facebook
Página: Severino Barros Barros

http://blogdomendesemendes.blogsapot.com

MARIA BONITA E O CANGACEIRO SABONETE


Maria Bonita teve onze irmãos: 
1910 - Benedita Gomes de Oliveira, 
1913 - Antonia Gomes de Oliveira, 
1916 - Amália Gomes de Oliveira, 
1920- Joana Gomes de Oliveira, 
1922 - Olindina Gomes de Oliveira, 
Francisca Gomes de Oliveira, 
Ozéas Gomes de Oliveira, 
José Gomes de Oliveira, 
Arlindo Gomes de Oliveira, 
Ananias Gomes de Oliveira e 
Izaias Gomes de Oliveira.

http://www.joaodesousalima.com/2011/01/os-irmaos-vivos-dos-reis-do-cangaco.html

Segundo o escritor e pesquisador do cangaço Alcino Alves Costa em seu livro: "Lampião Além da Versão - Mentiras e Mistério de Angico", o cangaceiro Sabonete era irmão do cangaceiro Borboleta, aquele que foi se entregar ao capitão Aníbal Ferreira, em companhia do cangaceiro Juriti e sua companheira Maria de Juriti. 

http://blogdomendesemendes.blogspot.com

O CANGACEIRO CAJUEIRO


Destaques para o cangaceiro "Cajueiro", ou “José Pereira da Silva Terto Brasil" - seu nome de batismo.

Cangaceiro "Cajueiro" - não sei precisar a fonte onde encontrei esta foto. Desculpem-me.

Fonte: facebook

http://blogdomendesemendes.blogspot.com

Será ou não a Maria de Lurdes que acompanhava o casal de cangaceiros Corisco e Dadá?

Por Raul Meneleu mascarenhas

No documentário do confrade Geraldo Júnior (parabéns Geraldo Júnior) encontrei essa foto da menina que estava com o casal de cangaceiros que acompanhavam Corisco e Dadá. Lembram-se da "Vendeta Diabólica" da série de artigos sobre o cangaço, "Como se forma um cangaceiros" do jornal O Globo de 1958? Comparem as duas fotos. Será que é a Maria de Lurdes da foto com o copo na mão?

Fonte: facebook
Página: Raul Meneleu Mascarenhas

http://blogdomendesemendes.blogspot.com

‘...TERIA SIDO UM SONHO DE LIBERDADE, UM ‘GRITO’ AO SOCIAL OU, SIMPLESMENTE, UM GRUPO DE MARGINAIS?’

Por Sálvio Siqueira

O Fenômeno Cangaço surgiu, no nordeste brasileiro, entre o meado do século XIX e o seu final. O próprio termo “cangaceiro”, em suas origens, faz referência ao termo “canga”, peça de madeira usualmente colocada nos muares e animas de transporte. Assim, a palavra cangaceiro, originalmente, faz uma alusão aos utensílios que os cangaceiros carregavam em seu corpo. Grupos de homens armados conhecidos como cangaceiros. Usavam roupas e chapéus de couro para protegerem os corpos da vegetação da caatinga. Usavam também, esta mesma vegetação, como fonte de alimento e ‘remédio’ no tratamento dos seus ferimentos. Estes grupos apareceram em função, principalmente, das péssimas condições sociais da região nordestina. Os latifúndios, que concentrava terra e renda nas mãos dos fazendeiros, deixando à margem da sociedade a maioria da população. 

Portanto, podemos entender o cangaço como um fenômeno social. Os cangaceiros não tinham ‘morada’ fixa. Viviam como nômades não por opção, era mesmo por necessidade devido a perseguições. Promoviam saques a fazendas, atacavam comboios e chegavam a sequestrar pessoas para obtenção de resgates. Caracterizado por atitudes violentas, andavam em bandos armados, espalhavam o medo pelo sertão nordestino. Aqueles que respeitavam e acatavam as ordens dos cangaceiros não sofriam, pelo contrário, eram muitas vezes ajudados. Esta atitude, fez com que os cangaceiros fossem respeitados e até mesmo admirados por parte da população da época e atual. 

Existiram vários grupos de cangaceiros, diversos chefes como Cabeleira, Zé da Feira, Jesuíno Brilhante, Antônio Silvino, Sinhô Pereira... mas, nenhum deles chegou a se destacar tanto como Lampião, Virgolino Ferreira da Silva, pernambucano natural de Vila Bela, atual Serra Talhada- PE. Sua existência e/ou resistência nos sete Estados nordestinos durante um período, considerado muito extenso para um líder cangaceiro, deveu-se muito a sua astúcia, divisão do seu grupo em vários subgrupos, fazendo com que estivesse em lugares diferentes ao mesmo tempo e, em contra partida, não se encontrava em lugar nenhum. Formação de uma ‘malha’ de informantes bem arquitetada e os fornecedores de alimentos e equipamento bélico. Por quase duas décadas ‘O Rei Vesgo’ foi o terror das quebradas do Sertão. 

Logo após seu assassinato, juntamente com mais dez cangaceiros de seu grupo, tendo, na ocasião, também perecido o soldado Adrião, Adrião Pedro de Souza, única baixa da Força Policial, ação comandada pelo Tenente João Bezerra, pernambucano natural de Afogados da Ingazeira, que prestou serviço na Força Policial alagoana, na Grota do Angico no Estado de Sergipe, em meados de 1938, tem-se o início do fim da era dos terríveis cangaceiros. 

Tendo seu clímax em maio de 1940 com o assassinato do cangaceiro Corisco, Cristino Gomes da Silva Cleto, natural de Água Branca - AL, pela Força Volante comandada pelo então Tenente Zé Rufino, José Osório de Farias, pernambucano que prestou serviço a Força Pública do Estado da Bahia, passou a compor as Forças em Operações no Nordeste - F.O.N.E. Chegando a Segundo Tenente em 1939.

Foto caricatura Rogério Jr.

Fonte: facebook

http://blogdomendesemendes.blogspot.com

ENTRE HERÓIS E MARGINAIS: CONHEÇA OS FORA DA LEI QUE VIRARAM LENDA - CHARLES PRETTY BOY FLOYD– PARTE VI

www.biography.com

Inimigo Público Nº 1 - (?) Charles “Pretty Boy” Floyd (1904-1934) - (¿) Ohio, EUA ($) 684 mil - (±)  – (?) 30 anos

Ingressado na bandidagem após se revoltar com o assassinato do pai, Pretty Boy foi mais uma figura odiada pela polícia e idolatrada pelo povo. Não foi à toa. 

O cara assaltou dezenas de bancos, onde sempre rasgava papéis de hipotecas, deixando muita gente livre das dívidas. Tido como inimigo público nº 1 dos EUA, foi morto por agentes do FBI. 

O sujeito era tão querido que cerca de 20 mil pessoas compareceram para dar o último adeus ao seu “benfeitor”.

http://ahduvido.com.br/entre-herois-e-marginais-conheca-os-fora-da-lei-que-viraram-lenda 

SITE DA BIOGRAFIA ABAIXO:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Boy_Floyd

urbane-chaos.hubpages.com

Traduza o texto abaixo clicando em: 
(Traslate ou Traduzir) na coluna esquerda do blog, logo no começo da página tem o tradutor.

Charles Arthur "Pretty Boy" Floyd (February 3, 1904 – October 22, 1934) was an American bank robber. He operated in the Midwest and West South Central States, and his criminal exploits gained widespread press coverage in the 1930s. Like most other prominent outlaws of that era, he was killed by policemen. Historians have speculated as to which officers were at the event, local or the FBI, known accounts document that local officers Robert "Pete" Pyle and George Curran were present at his fatal shooting and also at his embalming.[1] Floyd has continued to be a familiar figure in American popular culture, sometimes seen as notorious, but at other times viewed as a tragic figure, partly a victim of the hard times of the Great Depression in the United States.

Charles Arthur Floyd was born in Bartow County, Georgia in 1904. His family moved to Oklahoma in 1911, and he grew up there. As a youth, he spent considerable time in nearby KansasArkansas and Missouri.

Floyd was first arrested at age 18 after he stole $3.50 in coins from a local post office. Three years later he was arrested for a payroll robbery on September 16, 1925 in St. Louis, Missouri and was sentenced to five years in prison. He served three and a half years before gaining parole.[2][3][4]

When paroled, Floyd vowed that he would never see the inside of another prison. Entering into partnerships with more established criminals in the Kansas City underworld, he committed a series of bank robberies over the next several years; it was during this period that he acquired the nickname "Pretty Boy." According to one account, when the payroll master targeted in a robbery described the three perpetrators to the police, he referred to Floyd as "a mere boy — a pretty boy with apple cheeks." Like his contemporaryBaby Face Nelson, Floyd hated his nickname.[2]

In 1929, Floyd was wanted in numerous cases. On March 9, he was arrested in Kansas City on investigation, and again on May 6 for vagrancy and suspicion of highway robbery, but he was released the next day. Two days later, he was arrested in Pueblo, Colorado, and charged with vagrancy. He was fined $50.00 and sentenced to 60 days in jail.[4]

Floyd, under the alias "Frank Mitchell," was arrested in Akron, Ohio, on March 8, 1930, charged in the investigation of the murder of an Akron police officer[5] who had been killed during a robbery that evening.[4]
The law next caught up with Floyd in Toledo, Ohio, where he was arrested on suspicion on May 20, 1930.[6] He was convicted of the Sylvania Ohio Bank Robbery and sentenced on November 24, 1930, to 12–15 years in Ohio State penitentiary, but he escaped.[4]

Floyd was a suspect in the deaths of Kansas City brothers Wally and Boll Ash, who were bootleggers. They were found dead in a burning car on March 25, 1931. A month later on April 23, members of his gang killed Patrolman R. H. Castner of Bowling Green, Ohio.[7] On July 22 Floyd killed Agent Curtis C. Burke of the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) in Kansas City, Missouri.[8]

In 1932, former sheriff Erv Kelley of McIntosh County, Oklahoma, tried to arrest Floyd, who killed Kelley on April 7.[9] In November of that year, three members of Floyd's gang attempted to rob the Farmers and Merchants Bank in Boley, Oklahoma.[10]

Despite his life of crime, Floyd was viewed positively by the general public. When he robbed banks he would destroy mortgage documents, which freed many citizens of their debts. He was protected by citizens of Oklahoma, who referred to him as "Robin Hood of the Cookson Hills".[11]

Floyd and Adam Richetti became the primary suspects in a June 17, 1933, gunfight known as the "Kansas City massacre" that resulted in the deaths of four law enforcement officers.[12] Though J. Edgar Hoover used the incident as ammunition to further empower the FBI to pursue Floyd,[12] historians are divided as to whether or not he was involved. Another, more likely, suspect, was gang member Sol Weismann, who resembled Floyd. Floyd adamantly denied his involvement in this fiasco (apparently a botched attempt to free bank robber Frank Nash, who was in police custody).[citation needed]

The gunfight was an attack by Vernon Miller and accomplices on lawmen escorting robber Frank "Jelly" Nash to a car parked at the Union Station in Kansas City, Missouri. TwoKansas City, Missouri, officers, Detective William Grooms[13] and Patrolman Grant Schroder;[14] McAlester, Oklahoma Police Chief Otto Reed;[15] and FBI Special Agent Ray Caffrey[16] were killed. Nash was also killed as he was sitting in the car. Two other Kansas City police officers survived by slumping forward in the backseat and feigning death. As the gunmen inspected the car, another officer responded from the station and fired at them, forcing them to flee. Miller was found dead on November 27, 1933, outside Detroit, Michigan, beaten and strangled.[citation needed]
Floyd and Richetti were alleged to have been Miller's accomplices. Factors weighing against them included their apparent presence in Kansas City at the time, eyewitness identifications (which have been contested), Richetti's fingerprint said to have been recovered from a beer bottle at Miller's hideout, an underworld account naming Floyd and Richetti as the gunmen, and Hoover's firm advocacy of their guilt. Fellow bank robber Alvin Karpis, an acquaintance of Floyd's, claimed that Floyd confessed involvement to him. On the other side of the issue, the bandit alleged to have been Floyd was supposed to have been wounded by a gunshot to the shoulder in the attack, and Floyd's body showed no sign of this injury when examined later. The underworld account identifying Floyd and Richetti as the killers was offset by equally unreliable underworld accounts proclaiming their innocence or identifying others. The Floyd family has maintained that while Floyd owned up to many other crimes, he vehemently denied involvement in this one, as did Richetti. It has also been contended that this crime would have been inconsistent with Floyd's other criminal acts, as he was not otherwise known as a hired gun or (especially) a hired killer.[citation needed]

Shortly after the attack, Kansas City police received a postcard dated June 30, 1933, from Springfield, Missouri, which read: "Dear Sirs- I- Charles Floyd- want it made known that I did not participate in the massacre of officers at Kansas City. Charles Floyd". The police department believed the note to be genuine. Floyd also reportedly denied involvement in the massacre to the FBI agents who had fatally wounded him. In addition, a recent book on the massacre attributes at least some of the killing to friendly fire by a lawman who was unfamiliar with his weapon, based on ballistic tests.[citation needed]

On July 23, 1934, following the death of John Dillinger, "Pretty Boy" Floyd was named Public Enemy No. 1. On October 22, 1934, Floyd was shot in a corn field behind a house on Sprucevale Road between Beaver Creek State Park and East Liverpool, Ohio near Clarkson, while being pursued by local law officers and FBI agents led by Melvin Purvis.[12][17]Varying accounts exist as to who shot him and the manner in which he was killed. He was carried out of the field by FBI agents and died under an apple tree.

Having narrowly escaped ambush by FBI agents and other law enforcement agencies several times after the Kansas City Massacre, Floyd had a stroke of bad luck. On October 18, 1934, he and Richetti left Buffalo, New York, and slid their vehicle into a telephone pole during a heavy fog. No one was injured, but the car was disabled. Fearing they would be recognized, Floyd and Richetti sent two female companions to retrieve a tow truck; they planned to have the women accompany the tow truck driver into a town and have the vehicle repaired, while the two men waited by the roadside.[citation needed]

After dawn on October 19, motorist Joe Fryman and his son-in-law passed by, observing two men dressed in suits lying by the roadside. Feeling it was suspicious, he informedWellsville, OhioPolice Chief John H. Fultz. Three officers, including Fultz, investigated. When Richetti saw the lawmen, he fled into the woods, pursued by two officers, while Fultz went toward Floyd. Floyd immediately drew his gun and fired, and he and Fultz engaged one another in a gunfight, during which Fultz was wounded in the foot. After wounding Fultz, Floyd fled into the forest. The other two officers enlisted the help of local retired police officer Chester K. Smith, a former sniper during World War I, and subsequently captured Richetti. Floyd remained on the run, living on fruit, traveling on foot, and quickly becoming exhausted.[citation needed]

At least three accounts exist of the following events: one given by the FBI, one by other people in the area, and one by local law enforcement. The accounts agree that, after obtaining some food at a local pool hall owned by a friend Charles Joy, Floyd hitched a ride in an East Liverpool neighborhood on October 22, 1934. He was spotted by the team of lawmen, at which point he broke from the vehicle and fled toward the treeline. Local retired officer Chester Smith fired first, hitting Floyd in the right arm, knocking him to the ground. At this point, the three accounts diverge; the FBI agents later attempted to claim all the credit, denying local law enforcement were even present at the shooting.[18]According to the local police account, Floyd regained his footing and continued to run, at which point the entire team opened fire, knocking him to the ground.[citation needed] Floyd died shortly thereafter from his wounds.

According to the FBI, four FBI agents, led by Purvis, and four members of the East Liverpool Police Department, led by Chief Hugh McDermott, were searching the area south ofClarkson, Ohio, in two separate cars. They spotted a car move from behind a corn crib, and then move back. Floyd then emerged from the car and drew a .45 caliber pistol, and the FBI agents opened fire. Floyd reportedly said: "I'm done for. You've hit me twice."[citation needed]

Years later, Chester Smith, the retired East Liverpool Police Captain and sharpshooter, described events differently in a 1979 interview for Time magazine. Smith, who was credited with shooting Floyd first, stated that he had deliberately wounded, but not killed, Floyd. He added: "I knew Purvis couldn't hit him, so I dropped him with two shots from my .32 Winchester rifle." According to Smith's account, after being wounded, Floyd fell and did not regain his footing. Smith then disarmed Floyd. At that point, Purvis ran up and ordered: "Back away from that man. I want to talk to him." Purvis questioned Floyd briefly, and after receiving curses in reply ordered agent Herman "Ed" Hollis to "Fire into him." Hollis then shot Floyd at point-blank range with a sub-machine gun, killing him. The interviewer asked if there was a cover-up by the FBI, and Smith responded: "Sure was, because they didn't want it to get out that he'd been killed that way."[citation needed]

FBI agent Winfred E. Hopton disputed Chester Smith's claim in a letter to the editors of Time Magazine, published in the November 19, 1979, issue, in response to the Timearticle "Blasting a G-Man Myth." He stated that he was one of four FBI agents present when Floyd was killed, on a farm several miles from East Liverpool, Ohio. According to Hopton, members of the East Liverpool police department arrived only after Floyd was already mortally wounded. He also claimed that when the four agents confronted Floyd, Floyd turned to fire on them, and two of the four killed Floyd almost instantly. Additionally, while Smith's account said that Herman Hollis shot the wounded Floyd on Purvis's order, Hopton claimed that Hollis was not present. Hopton also stated Floyd's body was transported back to East Liverpool in Hopton's personal car.[18]

Floyd's body was embalmed and briefly viewed at the Sturgis Funeral Home in East Liverpool, Ohio, before being sent on to Oklahoma. Floyd's body was placed on public display in Sallisaw, Oklahoma. His funeral was attended by between 20,000 and 40,000 people and remains the largest funeral in Oklahoma history. He was buried in Akins, Oklahoma.[19]


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Boy_Floyd

http://blogdomendesemendes.blogspot.com

HERÓIS OU VILÕES?

Por Elaine Lima, especialista em Sociologia e Filosofia
Edição: Carolina Lopes

Desenvolvendo um novo estilo de vida, quase nômade, os cangaceiros marcaram não só a história do Nordeste como também do Brasil. Embora tenham se utilizado do medo e da violência como armas, seus membros figuram até hoje, paradoxalmente, como heróis e malfeitores.

Eric Hobsbawm, um dos maiores historiadores da modernidade, foi um estudioso que tentou compreender o cangaço, também conhecido como “banditismo social”. O historiador acredita que essa forma de expressão popular que viveu na ilegalidade não é apenas o reflexo da crise e dos problemas da sociedade rural, como a fome, a peste e a guerra, mas também uma forma de autoajuda, que buscava escapar desses problemas. Na visão do autor, os bandidos seriam “ativistas, e não ideólogos ou profetas dos quais se deve esperar novas visões ou novos planos de organização política”. Estariam mais para líderes que utilizavam o facão, ou seja, a violência, para abrir caminhos. Assim, o estudioso conclui que a criminalidade era apenas uma estratégia de sobrevivência e de defesa desses grupos marginalizados.

Há historiadores que apresentem ainda os cangaceiros como um grupo de justiceiros que embora utilizasse erroneamente a violência, lutava no sentido de buscar a justiça social. Outros estudiosos apontam ainda outros aspectos do cangaço, afirmando que era comum os cangaceiros se aliarem a coronéis, padres e chefes políticos – justamente aqueles contra os quais deveriam lutar –, bastando que isso fosse conveniente. Lampião, por exemplo, passou de bandido procurado a defensor da pátria ao ser convocado para assumir a função de “capitão” no Batalhão Patriótico que combateria a Coluna Prestes quando esta se aproximava do Ceará.

A divergência entre os estudiosos mostra como, ainda hoje, é difícil compreender o papel histórico de figuras como Maria Bonita e Lampião. Para alguns, o casal de cangaceiros é formado por verdadeiros heróis; para outros, simples bandidos. Fato é que, até por essa postura dúbia desses guerrilheiros do Sertão, a dupla que fez história na Caatinga tornou-se se uma espécie de mito.

http://www.klickeducacao.com.br/je/materias/nova_versao_para_a_historia_de_maria_bonita/

http://blogdomendesemendes.blogspot.com